We the humans and all the other living beings exists in the earth only because Mother nature permits us to. Our existence completely depends on the nature. And nobody can deny this truth. So while searching for the threats to humanity over the net, I was shocked when i got to know closer about the super volcanoes. One thing you should keep in mind is that the pictures and description of the 10 biggest volcanic eruption that is given just below isn't even a clue for the Super Volcanoes that we are talking about.
10 Biggest Volcanic eruptions in the world are:
La Garita, Colorado
These magnificent ash formations are the legacy of perhaps the largest explosive eruption in the earth’s history. Some 28 million years ago the Colorado eruption disgorged more that 1,200 cubic miles of lava – enough to fill the basin of Lake Michigan. The resultant, oblong-shaped caldera, located in Colorado’s San Juan Mountains, measures around 22 by 47 miles.
Mount Vesuvius, Bay of Naples
Though Mount Vesuvius has erupted many times, it is most famous for its eruption in AD 79 that covered the Roman cities, Pompeii and Herculaneum. Then, it killed up 25,000 people; and with 3 million people living near it today, it is regarded as one of the most dangerous volcanoes on the planet. Although its last eruption was in 1944, a few landslides in the crater have raised false alarms since.
Tambora, Indonesia
J.M.W Turner, the English Romantic landscape painter known as the ’painter of light’, may owe some of his fame to the Tambora eruption in 1815. The Indonesian explosion affected the global climate, robbing North America and Europe of a summer in 1816, but creating some stunning sunsets. The outburst, which rated 7 on the Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI), killed at least 71,000 people, including those affected by the resulting famine.
Krakatoa, Indonesia
The volcanic island of Krakatoa, located between Java and Sumatra, experienced its most violent eruption in 1883. With a VEI of 6, its nuclear yield was around 13,000 times greater than the bomb dropped on Hiroshima. In its wake, some 165 villages and towns were devastated, and more than 36,000 people killed – many, from the resulting tsunamis. The ash ejected from the volcano tinted the skies of Europe and America red, and is thought to have inspired Edvard Munch’s painting, The Scream. Pictured is a lithograph of the explosion
Mount Pelee, Martinique
The eruption in 1902 of Mount Pelee is dubbed the worst volcanic disaster of the 20th century. Situated on the northern tip of Martinique, its explosion all but wiped out the city of Saint-Pierre. Around 30,000 people were killed, with only two residents surviving the hot gas and rock that flowed through the city, making it one of the deadliest volcanoes on earth.
Katmai, Alaska
In 1912, the Novarupta Volcano in Katmai erupted for more than 60 hours, forming what is known as the Valley of Ten Thousand Smokes. The blast expelled 13 to 15 cubic kilometres of magma, resulting in the collapse of Mount Katmai, but the advent of a beautiful national park. Thanks to its remote location, no deaths were caused.
Mount St Helens, Washington
In 1980, Mount St Helens erupted, producing a 12-mile high column of ash in less than 10 minutes. The ash was deposited in 11 US states; 57 people and thousands of animals were killed; hundreds of square miles were reduced to wasteland; and over a billion dollars of damage was caused.
Kilauea, Hawaii
The island of Hawaii is formed of five volcanoes, and one of them, Kilauea, is active today. It began erupting in 1983 and frequently outpours lava – the name Kilauea means ‘spewing’ or ‘spreading’. Though in the past the eruptions have destroyed buildings, they are non-explosive, allowing tourists to visit the site and witness lava flowing into the Pacific Ocean
Pinatubo, Philippines
The eruption of Mount Pinatubo in 1991 was the 20th century’s second most powerful volcanic explosion after Katmai, though its effects were more devastating. The colossal explosion sent around 10 cubic kilometres of debris into the air, a hazard that was exacerbated by the simultaneous arrival of a tropical storm. Around 800 people were killed, many as their homes collapsed under the weight of raining wet ash. However, the eruption had been predicted in the days preceding it, and thousands of lives were saved by an evacuation effort.
Eyjafjallajökull, Iceland
This year eruptions at Eyjafjallajökull in Iceland caused unprecedented disruption to flights across the UK and Europe. A series of eruptions began March 20, 2010, but it was the dense plume of ash emitted from an eruption that began April 14 that caused the almost complete closure of European airspace. The plume rose to about 9 kilometres in the air, which made for some dramatic skies as the dust particles scattered light from the setting sun.
What is a super Volcano??
Super Volcano is something that can cover an entire state, Country or a continent itself. So is it possible?? The earth as we see it as a solid form is only 25 miles deep. Below this is a ocean of molten larva. Can you believe this?, Only 25 miles!!!. This larva is in continuous pressure to find a way out. This results in a volcanic eruption. Another shocking fact is that the super volcanoes have not been found on the earth yet. But scientists says that there are around 60 of then scattered across the globe. If one explodes, it has the power to push humanity to extinction.
Toba catastrophe theory
Toba in Indonesia saw the massive eruption about 74 thousand years ago. This eruption is said to have caused a catastrophe. read about the Toba catastrophe Theory here. At this time it is said that the population of humanity went through a bottle neck. According to the DNA and fossil records around the time when TOBA erupted, the human population dropped by at least 90%.
This extinction was caused because the ash from Toba spread in such a manner that it blocked out the sun!!, and killed almost all of the earth's plant life. This bottle neck was so narrow that there was only 30 reproducing females left in the earth!!!. Can you belive that?
Yellowstone National Park (Super Volcano)
Some of the closest photographs of yellowstone from my personal collection are shown above.
The Yellowstone Caldera located in the northwest corner of Wyoming has one of the Super volcano that has been located in the present age. This was shown in the movie 2012 (2010) and many thought of it as a location or story that the director of the movie has made up!. But its not true. Read about this here
0 comments:
Post a Comment